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Among others, wood gave birth to sylviculture, or the forestry industry. Over the course of time, the cross-border biosphere reserve saw the beginnings of the use of glass and the art of glass-working, charcoal and the trade of charcoal burning, as well as the extraction and working of iron and petrol. Man used sandstone through the ages to construct buildings. The sand was used to make glass and later crystal. He also extracted the iron from underground veins to work it (forges, mines). For his industrial activities, man drew the required energy from
the forest. He turned wood into charcoal and used it to make glass
or melt metal. He began to manage the forests for the production
of wood. He created lakes to breed fish or to use for hydraulic
energy for mills, sawmills, forges, etc. He was even able to extract
petrol in the region of Merckwiller-Pechelbronn.
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